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Italians settled in the Mississippi state since colonial times. ==Background== Since the 18th and mainly the 19th century, Italian people have been located in cities and towns in Mississippi. The first Italians who visited Mississippi came in explorations conducted by the French and Spanish governments. In the 19th century, many Italians entered the United States in New Orleans, Louisiana and traveled onwards to Mississippi.〔"(Italians in Mississippi )." ''Mississippi Historical Society''. Retrieved on August 10, 2010.〕 Over 100 immigrants lived in Mississippi as the American Civil War started. In the late 19th century, Italian immigration increased in the United States.〔Magnaghi, Russell M. "(Italians )." Mississippi Encyclopedia, University of Mississippi. Retrieved on August 10, 2010.〕 Someone of them went to work in the so-called "Mississippi Delta" in the cotton plantations, and even helped the development of the blues music with their mandolins.〔(The "Delta Italians" and the Blues development (in Italian) )〕 During the period of mass immigration to the United States, Italians suffered widespread discrimination in housing, social acceptance and employment. The Italian Americans were often victims of prejudice, economic exploitation, and sometimes even violence, particularly in the South. And Mississippi (with nearby Louisiana) was no exception. Indeed, Mississippi and Louisiana were to become a worldwide symbol of Anti Italianism when, in 1891, eleven Italian immigrants in New Orleans were lynched due to their alleged role in the murder of the police chief David Hennessy.〔“An Extreme Prejudice: Anti-Italian Sentiment and Violence in Louisiana, 1855-1924”, by Alan G. Gauthreaux, History4All, Inc.〕 This was one of the largest mass lynchings in U.S. history. The lynching took place after nine of the immigrants were tried for the murder and acquitted.〔Moses, Norton H. Lynching and Vigilantism in the United States: An Annotated Bibliography ()〕 Indeed, nine Italians – some of whom were from the Mississippi Delta – who were thought to have assassinated police chief David Hennessy were arrested, tried, and acquitted. Subsequent to the trial, they were dragged from the jail in Parish Prison of New Orleans and lynched by a mob that had stormed the jailhouse, together with two other Italians who were being held in the jail at the time on unrelated charges.〔Gambino, Richard. Vendetta: The True Story of the Largest Lynching in U. S. History ()〕 Afterwards, hundreds of Italian immigrants, most of whom were not criminals, were arrested by the police even in Mississippi.〔Gambino, Richard. Blood of My Blood: The Dilemma of the Italian Americans ()〕〔(Sowell, Thomas. Ethnic America: A History )〕 Furthermore, in 1899, in Tallulah, near the Mississippi border, five Italian Americans were lynched for the attempted murder of Dr. Ford Hodge. A vigilante mob hanged three shopkeepers, and two bystanders who were Italian Americans.〔“The Italian Americans”, Allon Schoener, Macmillon Publishing Company, 1987〕 Even in Erwin, Mississippi, some Italians were killed in 1901.〔(Erwin murders of Italians (New York Times) )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of the Italians in Mississippi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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